> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://docs.gr4vy.com/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.

# 3DS authentication results

> Look up the 3-D Secure transaction status values returned across every integration path.

Every 3-D Secure integration returns the same authentication result, which follows the EMVCo ARes transaction status (`TransStatus`). This page is the canonical reference for those values.

## Property names

The same value surfaces under a different property name depending on the integration path. They all hold the EMVCo transaction status.

| Property                  | Where it appears                                                                             |
| ------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `transaction_status`      | The Secure Fields 3-D Secure finish callback `authentication` object.                        |
| `transactionStatus`       | The native iOS and Android SDK tokenization result `authentication` object.                  |
| `authentication_response` | The transaction object (`three_d_secure.response_data.authentication_response`) and the API. |

## Transaction status values

These are the values you can receive. They are identical across every integration path, because all paths follow the same EMV 3DS specification.

| Value  | Meaning                                                                                                                     |
| ------ | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `"Y"`  | Authentication was successful.                                                                                              |
| `"A"`  | Not authenticated, but a proof of authentication attempt was generated.                                                     |
| `"N"`  | Not authenticated; the transaction was denied.                                                                              |
| `"R"`  | Authentication was rejected by the issuer, which requests that authorization not be attempted.                              |
| `"U"`  | Authentication could not be performed because of a technical or other problem.                                              |
| `null` | No authentication status could be determined. This is typically only returned when an error occurred during authentication. |

<Note>
  `"U"` and `null` are distinct. `"U"` is an explicit status from the issuer or directory server indicating that authentication could not be performed, whereas `null` means no status value was determined at all, typically when an error occurred during authentication. A successful frictionless authentication returns `"Y"`, not `null`.
</Note>

The EMV 3DS specification also defines the intermediate values `C` (a challenge is required), and, from version 2.2.0, `D` (decoupled authentication) and `I` (informational only). These represent in-progress states that are resolved before a final result is returned, so they aren't surfaced as a final transaction status.